Something or someone (not in the game) got in your way, even within 5 meters of the field?
Call "violation" to stop play. Fix the problem. Stall count resumes with the next number (not more than 9).
See something dangerous and want to stop play? (Rocks, broken disc. Not untied shoelaces, not taco'd disc.)
Anyone can call a technical time-out to stop play. Whichever team has the bad equipment is charged with a team time-out (or offense for a bad disc, defense for anything else).
Need to fix "equipment" (tie shoelaces, swap out a taco'd disc)?
Anyone may briefly extend stopped play to fix "faulty equipment". You can't stop play for this, though.
Want to call a time-out?
During a point, only the person with the disc can call a time-out by making a 'T' with hand and disc and saying "time-out". Play resumes in 70 short seconds. If the same marker is used, the stall count resumes on the next count (not more than 9); if a different marker is used, the stall count resets.
Need extra time between points?
Anyone on either team can call "time-out" between points. A scant 70 extra seconds are added before the next point must start.
The thrower called a time-out, but the team has none left?
Call "violation". This mistake stops play and is a turnover.
Someone on my team is injured (or anyone is bleeding)?
Call "injury time-out". The stall count always resumes on the next count (not more than 9). If the injured player does not leave the game that team is charged for a time-out…unless the injury was caused by the other team.
Receiving team signaled for the pull, but then switched positions, or took their foot off the line?
Call "off-sides" (before a receiver touches the disc). The result is a re-pull.
Pulling team signaled for a pull, but (before the pull) any of their players crossed the goal line?
Call "off-sides" (before any receiver touches the disc). The result is a re-pull.
Someone on the pulling team touched the in-air disc before any receiver?
Anyone on the receiving team may call "violation" and get a re-pull.
The pull landed out of bounds behind the "brick" mark and I don't want to take it on the sideline?
Before picking up the disc put one hand overhead and call "brick". Then take the disc to the brick mark. (Don't drop it on the way.)
The pull landed out of bounds past the "brick" mark and I don't want to take it on the sideline?
Before picking up the disc put one hand overhead and call "middle". Then take the disc to the middle of the field across from where it went out. (Don't drop it on the way.)
The pull landed in-bounds and stopped in the end zone?
You have to take it there. You cannot bring it up to the goal line.
The pull landed in the end zone and then rolled out (the back or sides) with nobody touching it?
Bring it up to the spot on the goal line closest to where it left the field.
The pull landed in and then rolled out?
Take it on the spot where it rolled out.
Someone on the receiving team touched the in-air pull and didn't catch it?
It's a turnover.
The receiving team was carrying the disc to a spot to put it in play (e.g. "brick" or "middle") and dropped the disc while carrying it?
It's a turnover, on the field nearest to where they dropped it. Also: heckling.
It's been 70 seconds after the last goal and the receiving team has not yet asked for the pull?
Call "time violation". The first time is a warning; all other times you don't pull, but instead give them the disc in the middle of their end zone, with player setup and disc check-in.
It's been 90 seconds after the last goal and the pulling team hasn't released the pull?
Call "time violation". The first time is a warning; all other times they don't pull, and instead give you the disc at mid-field with player setup and disc check-in.
The receiver caught the disc in-air (leaving from in-bounds) and was then stripped of the disc or forced out of bounds by a defender?
If the foul is uncontested, it is a score.
The thrower handed the disc to another player?
Call "violation". Play stops, and this is a turnover. Put the disc on the field and check it in; any player on the other team may pick it up.
The thrower caught their own throw, but nobody else touched it?
Call "violation". Play stops, and this is a turnover. Put the disc on the field and check it in; any player on the other team may pick it up.
One offensive player helped another one catch the disc (e.g. lifting in the air)?
Call "violation". Play stops, and this is a turnover. Put the disc on the field and check it in; any player on the other team may pick it up.
One defensive player helped another one block/intercept the disc (e.g. lifting in the air)?
Call "violation". Play stops, and the disc is given to whomever was the intended receiver.
An offensive player used equipment (e.g. hat/shirt) to catch the disc?
Call "violation". Play stops, and this is a turnover. Put the disc on the field and check it in; any player on the other team may pick it up.
A defensive player used equipment (e.g. hat/shirt) to block/intercept the disc?
Call "violation". Play stops, and the disc is given to whomever was the intended receiver.
Nobody on offense is picking up the disc on the field?
Call "stalling in 10 seconds", then "stalling in 5 seconds", and then you can call "disc in" and start a stall count (even with nobody there).
Offense is intentionally delaying putting the disc into play and you're within ten feet of the disc?
Call "delay of game". If they are still showing the same behavior two seconds later, call "disc in" and start a stall count.
Thrower has not released the disc by the time the marker said the 'T' of 'Ten' in the stall count?
Call "stall". If the thrower releases the disc anyway, keep playing that throw. If the stall is not contested, it is a turnover. The disc comes back to the thrower, is put on the ground, the thrower taps it in and calls "in play", and anyone on the marker's team may pick it up.If the thrower thinks s/he released the disc before the 'T' of 'Ten', they can contest the call. If the throw was caught, it comes back to the thrower, and play resumes starting with "stalling 8". If the throw was incomplete, play stops and it's a turnover anyhow.
Thrower released the disc before the marker said the 'T' of 'Ten' in the stall count, but marker called "stall" anyhow?
Make sure that disc gets caught before stopping play. Then say "contest". If the throw was caught, it comes back to the thrower, and play resumes starting with "stalling 8". If the throw was incomplete, it's a turnover anyhow, but play stops and resumes with a disc check.
A defender caught an interception, but then dropped the disc when landing on the ground?
The defender's team still gets the disc. This is considered dropped block (so presumably any defender can pick it up).
II. Definitions
Best perspective
The most complete view available by a player that includes the relative positions of the disc, ground, players, and line markers involved in a play. On an unlined field, this may require sighting from one field marker to another.
Completed pass
Any catch that results in the team in possession of the disc retaining possession. Any pass that is not complete is incomplete.
Defensive player
A player whose team is not in possession of the disc. A defensive player may not pick up a live disc or a disc in play or call for a pass from the thrower.
Event organizer
The person(s) or entity organizing a competition, whether it is a tournament, tournament series, league, single game, or other type of event.
Foul
Non-Incidental contact: contact between opposing players (see II.H for a definition of incidental contact). In general, the player initiating the contact has committed the foul.
Ground contact
All player contact with the ground directly related to a specific event or maneuver (e.g., jumping, diving, leaning or falling), including landing or recovering after being off-balance. Items on the ground are considered part of the ground.
Guarding
A defender is guarding an offensive player when they are within three meters of that offensive player and are reacting to that offensive player.
Incidental contact
Contact between opposing players that does not affect continued play.
Legal position
A position established by a marker that does not violate any of the provisions outlined in XIV.B.
Line
A boundary defining the playing areas. On an unlined field, the boundary is an imaginary line segment between two field markers with the thickness of said markers. Line segments are not extrapolated beyond the defining markers.
Marker
The defensive player within three meters of the thrower's pivot or of the thrower if no pivot has been established. If the disc is not in play, a defensive player within three meters of a spot on the field where the disc is to be put into play is considered the marker.
Offensive player
A player whose team is in possession of the disc.
Pivot
The particular part of the body in continuous contact with a single spot on the field during a thrower's possession once the thrower has come to a stop or has attempted a throw or fake. When there is a definitive spot for putting the disc into play, the part of the body in contact with that spot is the pivot.
Player
Any of the up to fourteen persons participating in the game at any one time.
Possession of the disc
Sustained contact with, and control of, a non-spinning disc.
Pull
The throw from one team to the other that starts play at the beginning of a half or after a goal. It is not a legal pass for scoring and has many special provisions (Section VIII.B). The player on the pulling team who possesses the disc and signals readiness is the puller.
Scoring attempt
A scoring attempt starts at the beginning of the game or when the previous goal is scored and ends when the next goal is scored.
State of the disc
The nature of play at a particular moment during the game. There are three states of the disc:
Stoppage of play
Any halting of play due to a call, discussion, or time-out that requires a check or self-check to restart play. The term play stops means a stoppage of play occurs.
Throw
A disc in flight following any throwing motion (including a fake) that results in the thrower losing contact with the disc.